Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Vitamin D is important for calcium homeostasis. In granulomatous diseases including tuberculosis (TB), hypercalcaemia may be seen. Suspected mechanisms include elevated vitamin D sensitivity and increased extrarenal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] by alveolar macrophages within granulomas. Prevalence of hypercalcaemia in TB patients vary worldwide, yet is rare in the UK. We present a case of hypercalcaemia in a patient with TB reactivat...

Introduction: Typically, patients with a microprolactinoma will have serum prolactin level between 2,000-4,000mIU/l. The primary goal of treatment is to normalise prolactin level and thereby improve symptoms associated with a raised prolactin. Dopamine (D2) agonists are the main stay of treatment with some patients unable to tolerate dopamine agonists rather than being resistant to the medication.Case report: A 26-year-old lady with a history of anxiety ...

Diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome is challenging in the absence of cardinal features. But still, they have the same metabolic risk due to the presence of biochemical hypercortisolism. A 35-year lady was referred to the tertiary care endocrine unit following an incidental finding of high cortisol levels while on treatment for covid in 2021. She also had some weight gain, slow healing of wounds, and easy bruising. She did not have any features of hyperandrogenism and hyperten...

Background: Bloom’s syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to chromosomal instability. It is associated with endocrinopathies such as growth deficiency, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypothyroidism. We present a case to highlight the challenges in management of diabetic emergencies in patients with complex syndromes.Case report: A 38-year-old male of Asian descent known to have Bloom’s syndrome presented to ...

Background: Pituitary metastasis (PM) is a rare occurrence in malignancy, associated with poor prognosis. Only 7% of patients are symptomatic. High index of suspicion and prompt investigation are essential. We report a case of PM, highlighting challenges in diagnosis and management.Case Report: Sixty-six year old male was referred to endocrinology due to headaches and hyponatremia. He had metastatic colorectal carcinoma, treated with bowel, liver and lun...

Background: Pituitary adenomas are the commonest Sellar neoplasm, there are number of other differential diagnosis based on histopathological features and immune histochemical characteristics. Pituicytomas are rare tumours of sellar and suprasellar region which originate from pituicytes which are specialised glial cells of neurohypophysis and infundibulum.Case report: A 63-year-old lady with a background history of bilateral cataract corrected with surge...

Background: Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome (ECS) is a rare and severe condition at times presenting acutely with intense hypercortisolism. The intensity of hypercortisolism can be disproportionate to underlying tumoral condition, and associated life-threatening complications are common arising suddenly. Hypercortisolism must be controlled rapidly pending definitive treatment of tumoral source to avoid life-threatening consequences.Case Summary: 31-year-...

Introduction: Infertility is a common medical condition affecting 50 million couples worldwide and azoospermia account for around 10 % of cases of male infertility. Non-obstructive azoospermia is one of the most severe forms of male infertility and aetiology could be due to primary testicular failure, secondary testicular failure and those with incomplete or ambiguous picture of testicular failure.Case report: A 34-year-old patient referred to endocrine ...

Introduction: Therapeutic durability of GLP1-based therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is incompletely understood. Our aim was to explore the therapeutic effects of GLP1 based therapies in patients with T2D.Methods: This was a retrospective study on patients with T2D (n=55) who attend a specialist clinic at UHCW, Coventry, and who had been treated with the GLP1 based therapy, Liraglutide, for at least 6 months. A successful...

Background: X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare, hereditary, progressive musculoskeletal disorder. Prompt diagnosis and treatment in childhood ensures adequate bone matrix mineralization and skeletal growth. There is no consensus on indications for treatment in adult patients.Case Presentation: A 25 year old female was referred to endocrinology with a right ankle fragility fracture. She was known to have XLH, diagnosed in Poland at the age of 1 yea...